Appraisal Summary Table
Date produced:
17/01/2020
Contact:
Control Sheet
Name of scheme:
A2 Bean and Ebbsfleet Junction Improvements - PCF Stage 5
Name
Description of scheme:
Improvements to 2 junctions along the A2 at Bean and Ebbsfleet, including an additional overbridge, new slip road and enlargement and
Organisation
Highways England
signalisation of the roundabouts at Bean junction, and enlargement and signalisation of the roundabouts and widening of link roads at Ebbsfleet
Role
Project Manager
junction. The A2 mainline will see a lane gain in the eastbound direction only for a limited part of the section between the Bean and Ebbsfleet
junctions, and there will be improvements for non-motorised users at both junctions.
Impacts
Assessment
Summary of key impacts
Qualitativ e
Monetary
Distributional
Quantitativ e
£m (NPV)
7-pt scale/ v ulnerable grp
Value of journey time changes (£m)
Economy
Business users & transport
The scheme will benef it business users (both car and f reight) due to
£28.406
prov iders
reductions in congestion. About 1/4 of the journey time benef its occur to
Net journey time changes (£m)
this group. Ov erall business benef it also includes v ehicle operating cost
N/A
£31.5
N/A
0 to 2min
2 to 5min
> 5min
sav ings (£3.11m).
£20.7
£7.7
£0.0
Reliability impact on
Widening of the A2 mainline carriageway by one lane (with narrow lanes
Business users
and a lack of hard shoulder) between Bean and the A296 junction in the
N/A
N/A
£3.4
eastbound direction leads to a reduction in trav el time v ariability and
incident delay s. Business users will benef it f rom around one half of the
Regeneration
The scheme does not directly af f ect trav el to, f rom, or within a
regeneration area and theref ore an assessment of regeneration impacts in
N/A
N/A
N/A
accordance with WebTAG Unit A2-1 has not been carried out.
Wider Impacts
Signif icant growth is f orecast and underway in the area. In particular:
• The Ebbsf leet Garden City dev elopment is expected to create up to
15,000 new homes and more than 30,000 jobs could be created.
• Growth in Dartf ord is taking place already (excluding Ebbsf leet): 3,438
houses hav e been built in the last f iv e y ears, a f urther 340 are under
construction, and 8,900 hav e been granted permission (April 2017).
The scheme is f orecast to generate Wider Economic Impacts but they are
anticipated to be limited in scale as a result of the characteristics of the
scheme and its impact on trav el costs and the economic characteristics
of the area.
Agglomeration £0.00 Imperf ectly Competiv e Markets £2.814 Tax Rev enue f rom Labour
Slight
It was not considered proportionate to quantif y the agglomeration and
Market £0.00
Benef icial
£2.8
labour market impacts at this stage and they are assessed qualitativ ely
to be slight positiv e.
No direct Dependent Dev elopment benef its are considered to be
attributable to the scheme at this stage.
An estimate of the impact of increased output in imperf ectly competitiv e
markets (ref lecting the additional margin that f irms can make on each
additional unit of output they can produce as a result of trav el cost
sav ings) has been deriv ed directly f rom the estimated business user
benef its.
Environmental
Noise
The potential f or noise increases f rom updated junctions and slip roads is
mainly of f set by mitigation measures including low noise surf acing and a
new barrier adjacent to a residential property on Bean triangle to reduce
Households experiencing increased day time noise in f orecast y ear: 85
the impact of the new slip road. Minor increases in noise are predicted at
Households experiencing reduced day time noise in f orecast y ear: 70
Brickf ields Nursery at Bean triangle, in the opening y ear, due to the new
Households experiencing increased night time noise in f orecast y ear: 36
Slight
0.09
Income Quintile 1 - Neutral; Income Quintile 2 -
slip road. Potentially signif icant increases in noise are predicted next to
Households experiencing reduced night time noise in f orecast y ear: 45
Benef icial
Neutral; Income Quintile 3 - Neutral; Income
the A2260, with and without the scheme, in the f uture y ear due to
Quintile 4 - Neutral; Income Quintile 5 - Neutral
increases in traf f ic. Otherwise all impacts are negligible and not
60% of Stage 3 benef its hav e been retained f or Stage 5.
signif icant.
For Stage 5, 60% of the Stage 3 benef its hav e been retained, based on
Air Quality
Ov erall there is a net improv ement in terms of both PM10 and NO2
concentrations in local air quality due to the scheme, as indicated by the
decrease in the net total assessment score f or both PM10 and NO2 in the
opening y ear. There is an increase in regional NOx emissions with the
Assessment Score:
scheme, due to increases in v ehicle kilometres trav elled.
PM10: -55.3
NO2: -218
Income Quintile 1 - Moderate Benef icial; Income
Slight
Quintile 2 - Slight Benef icial; Income Quintile 3 -
The NPV of these impacts ov er the 60 y ear appraisal period is a net
Benef icial
£0.2
Emissions: NOx (60 y ear period): 32 tonnes
Slight Benef icial; Income Quintile 4 - Slight
benef it of +£253k, howev er using the latest draf t estimates of NOx
Benef icial; Income Quintile 5 - Slight Benef icial
damage costs as a sensitiv ity test, this would result in a net loss of -
£18k, primarily due to an increase in regional NOx emissions ov er the 60
60% of Stage 3 Benef its hav e been retained f or Stage 5
y ear appraisal period.
For Stage 5, 60% of the Stage 3 benef its hav e been retained, based on
Greenhouse gases
There is an ov erall increase in CO2 emissions with the scheme ov er the
Change in non-traded carbon ov er 60y (CO2e)
53,331
60 y ear appraisal period, due to an increase in v ehicle kilometres
trav elled. Calculated using the non-TUBA method the change in non-
traded carbon dioxide emissions in 2023 is +988 tCO2e indicating an
increase in CO2 emissions in opening y ear. Change in emissions in
N/A
-£0.1
Change in traded carbon ov er 60y (CO2e)
N/A
tCO2e f or the 60 y ear appraisal period = +53k.
For Stage 5, 60% of the Stage 3 disbenef its hav e been retained, based
on the proportionate reduction of benef its in line with the reduction of
Landscape
The scheme would result in the remov al of the wooded roadside
v egetation within the A2 corridor, including some mature v egetation at
Bean. This characteristic f eature would be replaced and extended in area,
and once re-established up to y ear 15 af ter opening would mitigate
adv erse impacts on the landscape character and setting of adjacent
N/A
Neutral
N/A
properties at Bean. The amenity planting at Ebbsf leet would f orm a
gateway f eature to the Ebbsf leet Garden City ; the loss would be a
temporary impact as the planting should be replaceable within 5 y ears of
planting to a similar standard. Bey ond the A2 corridor the proposed
scheme would not result in the loss of any characteristic elements or
Townscape
There are no characteristic elements lost, nor new detracting f eatures
added, as a result of the scheme, within character areas that include
changes arising f rom the dev elopment of Ebbsf leet Garden City .
N/A
Neutral
N/A
'Gateway ' landscape planting at Ebbsf leet junction is remov ed during
construction and will be replanted. Any v iews f rom the character area
Historic Env ironment
The scheme is predominantly retained within the existing road f ootprint
with no substantial adv erse impacts on the settings of designated and non-
Slight
designated heritage assets; the impact on heritage assets due to changes
N/A
Adv erse
N/A
in setting is likely to be negligible. There still howev er remains a low
potential f or the route to impact upon surv iv ing buried archaeology , and
Biodiv ersity
The scheme will inv olv e the direct loss of three v eteran trees, lowland
mixed deciduous woodland (Habitat of Principal Importance (HPI)) and
other habitats that are not HPI (i.e. plantation woodland, semi-improv ed
grassland and ponds) due to permanent and temporary habitat loss. There
Slight
N/A
Adv erse
N/A
is also potential f or adv erse ef f ects hazel dormice due to temporary loss
of breeding/f oraging habitat. No signif icant impacts are anticipated on
Darenth Wood SSSI, Ebbsf leet Marshes LWS, ancient woodlands, Riv er
Ebbsf leet, man orchids, bats, otter and water v ole, birds, reptiles,
Water Env ironment
The large majority of the scheme is in the low risk f lood zone (FZ1) and
would result in no increase in surf ace water f lood risk. The scheme has
been designed to reduce the potential f or creating new pathway s into the
aquif er used f or water extraction (SPZ). As such there will be no
Slight
N/A
Adv erse
N/A
signif icant adv erse ef f ects on groundwater resources.
Surf ace water quality impacts are considered to be short-term
(minutes/hours), with the proposed mitigation f eatures of a swale and
attenuation pond, as water quality tests showing a potential f or breach of
Value of journey time changes (£m)
Social
Commuting and Other
The scheme will benef it commuting and other users due to reductions in
£91.867
Income Quintile 1 - Moderate Benef icial; Income
users
congestion. These users will receiv e around 3/4 of the net benef it f rom
Quintile 2 - Large Benef icial ; Income Quintile 3 -
Net journey time changes (£m)
trav el time change. The ov erall benef it also includes v ehicle operating
N/A
£94.7
Large Benef icial ; Income Quintile 4 - Slight
0 to 2min
2 to 5min
> 5min
cost sav ings (£2.86m).
Benef icial; Income Quintile 5 - Moderate
£67.4
£24.5
£0.0
Benef icial
Reliability impact on
Widening of the A2 mainline carriageway by one lane (with narrow lanes
Commuting and Other
and a lack of hard shoulder) between Bean and the A296 junction in the
N/A
N/A
£3.3
users
eastbound direction leads to a reduction in trav el time v ariability and
incident delay s. Non business users will benef it f rom almost one half of
Phy sical activ ity
The scheme design includes a new segregated cy cleway and f ootway but
changes in the number of pedestrians/cy clists/equestrians or their
N/A
Neutral
N/A
av erage journey times are anticipated to be insignif icant.
Journey quality
Trav eller care, together with the nature and extent of trav ellers' v iews,
Moderate
would not alter signif icantly . Trav eller stress would reduce due to the
N/A
benef icial
N/A
reductions in congestion. Journey quality is expected to improv e, ov erall.
Accidents
Accident sav ings were assessed using COBA-LT in Stage 3. There is a
Ov erall:
net accident sav ing due to the redistribution of traf f ic on to network links
Do Minumum Accidents: 14,265
Moderate
with lower accident rates. It is estimated that 154 accidents will be sav ed
Do Minimum Casualties: 197 f atal, 1,811 serious, 17,930 slight
Benef icial
ov er the 60 y ear period of assessment. The causalities sav ed by the
Do Something Accidents: 14,111
Pedestrians:
Do Something Casualties: 196 f atal, 1,791 serious, 17,744 slight
Moderate
£3.8
N/A
scheme ov er the period are 1 f atal, 20 serious and 186 slight.
Benef icial
For Stage 5, 60% of the Stage 3 benef its hav e been retained, based on
60% of the abov e Stage 3 benef its hav e been retained f or Stage 5
Cy clists:
the proportionate reduction of benef its in line with the reduction of
Moderate
Security
Scheme is unlikely to hav e substantial impact on security .
N/A
Neutral
N/A
N/A
Access to serv ices
Scheme is unlikely to hav e substantial impact on access to serv ices.
N/A
Neutral
N/A
N/A
Af f ordability
The scheme will increase capacity and reduce congestion, which will lead
to net reductions in car f uel and non-f uel operating costs. The scheme
has moderate benef icial impacts f or quintile one (the top 20% most
Income Quintile 1 - Moderate Benef icial; Income
income depriv ed). There are large benef icial impacts f or quintile two and
N/A
Neutral
Quintile 2 - Large Benef icial ; Income Quintile 3 -
N/A
three which together make up the highest proportion of the demographic
Large Benef icial ; Income Quintile 4 - Large
of the area (53.4%). Income quintiles f our and f iv e howev er receiv e large
Adv erse; Income Quintile 5 - Moderate Adv erse
disbenef it and moderate disbenef it respectiv ely . These two groups
account f or 37% of the population. Theref ore, the ov erall impact is
Sev erance
Any increased traf f ic f lows hav e a negativ e impact on sev erance,
making it harder f or pedestrians to cross and access local amenities and
schools. When lev els of traf f ic increase in areas where a high proportion
Ov erall: Neutral
of v ulnerable users liv e, these are impacted negativ ely . The proposed
Older People: Slight Benef icial
scheme has an ov erall neutral impact.
Children: Neutral
Neutral
N/A
N/A
No Car Households: Slight Adv erse
Existing pedestrian crossings may be temporarily af f ected by the
DLA Claimants: Slight Adv erse
scheme. With the extension of the Bean Bridge ov er the A2, potential
temporary loss of pedestrian access may occur. Schools in the area are
located away f rom the scheme but it should be ensured that there is
Option and non-use v alues
Scheme would not af f ect transport mode options in the study area.
OPTION AND
QUANTITATIVE IMPACT REFERS TO LAND USE CHANGE ONLY
LAND USE CHANGE 11 cottages (Ightham Cottages) would hav e to be acquired, together
NON-USE
with land associated with the Spirits Rest Horse Sanctuary and small parcels of land f rom
VALUES
land holders adjacent to the project extents. Land costs estimated to be £6.08m, in 2010
Neutral
N/A
prices, discounted to 2010. This f orms part of the Cost to Broad Transport Budget below.
LAND USE
CHANGE
Large adv erse
Public Accounts
Cost to Broad Transport
This is estimated to be £51.03m, in 2010 prices, discounted to 2010. This
Budget
cost includes construction costs of £66.34m, the ef f ect of dev eloper
N/A
N/A
-£51.0
contributions of £15.21m and maintenance costs of £0.63m.
Indirect Tax Rev enues
There is a disbenef it to gov ernment due to a reduction in congestion. Fuel
N/A
N/A
-£2.6
consumption is reduced slightly , thereby decreasing indirect tax