List of Police Authorities' Statutory Duties
NOTES
1. The table in this Annex is an overview of the legal position of Police Authorities, largely in the statutory framework in which they, as public authorities and creatures of statute, are required to operate. It is not, and should not be taken as being, a comprehensive statement of the legal position. The overview is not a detailed analysis of either the statutory provisions referred to, or of the decisions that the Courts may have reached on matters affecting Police Authorities or Police Officers or Staff.
2. Because Police Authorities are the creation of Parliament, the general context is that Parliament is deemed to have given Authorities only those powers which are contained in the relevant primary and secondary legislation and no others. In fact this is not strictly true, because Authorities are separate corporate bodies and legal entities in their own right, subject to the general law of the land reflected in the decisions of the Courts over many centuries, known as the Common Law. The Common Law generally applies to everyone, whether as individuals or as corporate entities and therefore Police Authorities are, in areas of law which relate to the generality of legal persons, subject to the same rules as others. As an example, a Police Authority can be liable for injury caused as a result of its acts or omissions in the same way as an individual but there is no specific statutory provision setting this out. In the same way, a Police Authority could be exposed to a Common Law action for defamation.
3. The table does not address areas of the Common Law which may be applicable. Nor does it include statutory provisions which are of general application to any public body or individual, whether in a personal capacity or as an employer - thus there is no specific reference to, for example, legislation relating to Health and Safety at Work, Equalities, Value Added Tax, Criminal Law, Intellectual Property unless there is a unique or specific reasons for Police Authorities being treated in a way which is different to the more general application of that legislation.
4. The table is divided into sections, though the division of entries is subjective, particularly where there are `grey' areas where entries could fit in all of the sections, or where cross reference is essential. The sections are:
A. Constitution (including membership etc)
B. Duties
B1 Collaboration
B2 Complaints
B3 Consultation and Engagement
B4 Efficiency/Effectiveness/Continuous Improvement
B5 Equality and Diversity
B6 Finance
B7 Health and Safety
B8 Human Resources
B9 Information
B10 Partnership
B11 Planning and Performance Management
B12 Reports
B13 Standards
B14 Statutory Officers
B15 Others
C. Powers and Discretions
C1 Access to Meetings
C2 Acquisition, Use and Disposal of Land
C3 Allowances to members
C4 Authentication of Documents
C5 Boundaries
C6 Charging and Trading
C7 Companies
C8 Contracts
C9 Delegation to Committees etc
C10 Delegation to Police Officers, Members and Staff
C11 Discharge of Functions
C12 Emergency Financial Assistance
C13 Finance
C14 Gifts of Property
C15 Goods and Services for Third Parties
C16 Insurances
C17 Legal Proceedings
C18 Notices
C19 Ombudsman
C20 Power to forego repayment of advances of remuneration paid to deceased employees
C21 Power to obtain particulars of persons interested in land
C22 Proper Officer
C23 Publicity
C24 Staff
C25 Subscriptions to other bodies
C26 Subsidiary Powers
D. Procedures
5. Because the table is an overview, reference to the relevant legislation is essential, as is reference to any of the relevant secondary legislation (Regulations, Orders) and guidance applicable. In some areas the guidance can have the same effect as if it had been made in law; for example the Publicity Code under the Local Government Act 1986. Where relevant, the legal constraints on the powers or duties of Authorities have been referred to and should always be checked.
6. It should also be borne in mind that an underlying principle of the law relating to public authorities is that they must reach all their decisions - within the relevant legal framework - on the basis of reasonableness. The Authority must therefore always be able to show that the decisions it has reached are within the range of reasonable responses open to the Authority in the applicable circumstances (the `Wednesbury Corporation' case), often referred to as being required to be `Wednesbury reasonable'. So whatever constraints may be referred to, the Authority also has to behave `reasonably' in those circumstances.
7. The legislative framework for the Metropolitan Police Authority is in some respects different in that - despite the common foundation of being a Police Authority - there are numerous instances where the details of the legislative framework are different; and some legislation relating to London is specific in its application to the MPA area alone. Special rules also apply to the City of London, which is often referred to separately in some legislation across the combination of its three main roles - a local authority, Port of London Authority and Police Authority. There are also specific rules applicable to Police Authorities in Wales and Northern Ireland, derived from the different legal frameworks applicable there. This table does not therefore highlight all the specific differences for those authorities, nor for the specific service-focused Police Authorities such as the British Transport Police Authority.
SECTION A - CONSTITUTION OF POLICE AUTHORITIES, INCLUDING MEMBERSHIP, ETC
No. |
Scope |
Source or Reference |
Relevant Specific Constraints |
Comments |
A1 |
Legal existence as a corporate body
|
S3(2), Police Act 1996, |
See Notes |
|
A2 |
Overarching duties are to secure an efficient and effective police service and to hold the Chief Constable to account for the exercise of his functions and those of persons under his/her direction and control, having regard to the views of local people in carrying out all their functions
|
S6, Police Act 1996, as amended by paragraph 7, Schedule 2, Police and Justice Act 2006, and the Policing and Crime Act 2009, 1 |
|
|
A3 |
Police Authorities to consist of members who represent relevant councils (who must be in a majority) and independent members (at least one of whom must be a magistrate).
|
Schedules 2 and 3, Police Act 1996 (as amended by Police & Justice Act 2006 and the Police Authority Regulations 2008 (SI No 630)) - para 8 of the Police Authority Regulations 2008 as amended by the Police Authority (Community Engagement and Membership) Regulations 2010, 5 |
Relevant councils appointing to a Police Authority must ensure that the persons appointed represent the interests of a wide range of people in the community, include persons with requisite skills, knowledge or experience, who are committed to promoting diversity; and who are prepared to commit sufficient time to being proactive in the role. |
Amended by the draft Police Authority (Community Engagement & Membership) Regulations 2010 which give effect to the White Paper commitments to improve capacity and capability of all Police Authority Members |
A4 |
Metropolitan Police Authority to consist of the Mayor of London (if he so chooses) and other members appointed by the Mayor of London from amongst the members of the London Assembly (who must be in a majority) and independent members (one of whom is appointed by the Secretary of State and at least one of whom must be a magistrate)
|
Schedules 2A and 3, Police Act 1996 (as amended by Police & Justice Act 2006 and the Metropolitan Police Authority Regulations 2008 (SI No 631)) |
|
|
A5 |
Required to nominate one or more members of the Authority to answer questions on the discharge of the Authority's functions at a meeting of a relevant Council when given reasonable notice of this by the Council. |
S20, Police Act 1996 |
|
|
SECTION B - DUTIES OF POLICE AUTHORITIES
No. |
Scope |
Source or Reference |
Relevant Specific Constraints |
Comments |
B1
B1.1
B1.2
B1.3
B1.4
B 1.5 |
Collaboration
To collaborate with other police authorities to jointly provide equipment, premises, or other material or facilities, and staff and services where appropriate, and to approve proposals made by the chief officer to work jointly with other forces.
To provide advice and assistance to an international organisation, institution or a police body outside the UK, subject to the consent of the Home Secretary, for which the Authority can charge
To collaborate with other authorities for the discharge of functions where such cooperation would be:
● In the interests of the efficiency or effectiveness of the police force maintained for its area; or
● In the interests of the efficiency or effectiveness of one or more police forces maintained for the areas of other police authorities.
Draw up a collaboration agreement which makes provision for payments between police authorities
To have regard to any guidance drawn up by the Secretary of State on collaboration |
S23, Police Act 1986, and s 23A as amended by the Policing and Crime Act 2009 5
S26, Police Act 1996
(S6ZA, Police & Justice Act 1996 - and The Police Authorities (Particular Functions and Transitional Provisions) Order 2008 (SI No 82)) and s 23A amended by the Policing and Crime Act 2009 s 5
Policing and Crime Act 2009 23B &C
|
The chief officer cannot make an agreement without the approval of his/her authority; the Authority must consult with its chief officer before entering into an arrangement.
The Authority must inform the Chief Officer of any agreements before entering into them and must publish the agreement. |
Amended by the Policing and Crime Act 2009 |
B2
B2.1
B2.2
B2.3
B2.4
B2.5
B2.6
B2.7 |
Complaints
To investigate complaints about the conduct of ACPO rank officers or where appropriate refer complaints to the IPCC
To keep informed of the working of the complaints and discipline procedures, including direction and control matters
To have regard to any guidance issued by the Home Secretary or the IPCC on complaints or disciplinary matters
To compile and maintain a list of independent persons to sit on certain misconduct panels arising from a complaint
Arrange for appeals through Independent Police Appeals Tribunals from police officers who have been dismissed or reduced in rank
To provide the IPCC with all such information and documents as may be required by the Commission for the purposes of the carrying out of any of its functions.
To monitor issues complained about by members of the public and intervene where it appears to the Authority that the response of the Force is unsatisfactory, ensuring that the member of the public receives a response which is satisfactory
Consider pension forfeiture in respect of police officers dismissed for misconduct |
S13 and Schedule 3, Police Reform Act 2002
S77, Police Act 1996 and S14(2) and S15(2), Police Reform Act 2002
S83 and S87, Police Act 1996 and S22, Police Reform Act 2002
Part 2, Police Reform Act 2002, (Complaints and Misconduct) and Part 3 (Disciplining of Police Officers), and Police (Conduct) Regulations 2008
S50 & 87 Police Act 1996 Schedule 6 Police Act 1996
S17, Police Reform Act 2002
Article 5A Police Authorities (Particular Functions and Transitional Provisions Order) 2008 as amended by the Police Authorities (Particular Functions and Transitional Provisions (Amendment) Order 2010
S50 Police Act 1996 |
|
Amended by the draft Police Authorities (Particular Functions and Transitional Provisions (Amendment) Order 2010 |
B3
B3.1
B3.2
B3.3
B3.4
|
Consultation and Engagement
To consult representatives of persons subject to non-domestic rates on proposals for expenditure in the relevant financial year
To make arrangements for obtaining
● The views of local people about the policing of their area, ensuring that the Authority obtains a wide variety of views, including those aged under 21 and over 65, people from the business and voluntary sectors and people from diverse backgrounds;
● The co-operation of local people in preventing crime and anti-social behaviour in their area
Separate consultative arrangements are put in place by the MPA for each London Borough in consultation with its respective local authority
To make arrangements to involve communities in the development of approaches to disability
|
S65, Local Government Finance Act 1992
S96, Police Act 1996 and S2 of Police and Justice Act 2006 - S30 (2) of Schedule 2, amended by the draft Police Authority (Community Engagement and Membership) Regulations 2010
S62B of Police Act 1996 as revised by Police and Justice Act 2006 and detailed in Policing Plan Regulations 2008
Disability Discrimination Act 2005 - and Combined Equalities Bill is likely to suggest this approach should be extended to other forms of diversity |
Consultation with the public should be statistically significant, take place sufficiently often to ensure that the Authority is fully aware of the views of the public, offer the public a variety of routes by which to express their views; and remove duplication in consultation |
See B6
Amended by the Policing and Crime Act 2009 s 1 and the draft Police Authority (Community Engagement and Membership) Regulations 2010
HMIC recommendations also suggest communities are involved in police race & diversity training. |
B4
B4.1
B4.2
B4.3
B4.4
B4.5 |
Efficiency and Effectiveness/Continuous Improvement
To secure the maintenance of an efficient and effective police force for its area
To secure best value, which includes an obligation to secure continuous improvement (within both force and authority), having regard to a combination of economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Also prescribes approaches to a number of other matters, such as procurement and the treatment of staff employed under procurement arrangements (e.g. Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) Regulations 1981 and subsequent amendments);
To comply with directions given by the Secretary of State where s/he believes a Force or Authority is failing to discharge its functions in an effective manner, subject to HMIC's comments
To determine the local priorities for policing - after consulting local people and the Chief Constable
Publish a Value for Money statement which sets out any planned improvements in the Force's efficiency and productivity, how the plans will be achieved, what cashable gains will be delivered |
S6, Police Act 1996
S1, Local Government Act 1999, as amended by S4 Police and Justice Act 2006 and Part 7 Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
S40, S40A and s40B, Police Act 1996 - inserted by Schedule 2, Police and Justice Act 2006
S7 and S96, Police Act 1996
Regulation 4(d) of the Policing Plan Regulations 2008(b) as amended by the draft Policing Plan (Amendment) Regulations 2009 |
|
A Police Authority is not a best value Authority for the purposes of S5 (best value reviews), S6 (best value performance plans), S7-9 (audit of best value performance plans), S13(5) and S15 of the 1999 Act (s4, Police & Justice Act 2006)
See B11 |
B5
B5.1
B5.2
B5.3
B5.4
B5.5
B5.6
|
Equalities and Diversity
To promote diversity within Force and within the Authority
To put in place Race, Disability and Gender Equalities Schemes and monitor the force equalities schemes
To monitor and scrutinise the use of stop and search and stops by the Force
To monitor and scrutinise the Authority's and Force's employment procedures and practice
To have due regard for the need to:
● eliminate unlawful racial discrimination
● promote equality of opportunity and good relations between persons of different racial groups
To monitor the performance of the police force maintained for its area in complying with the duties imposed on that force by the Human Rights Act 1998
|
S6ZA ,Police Act 1996 inserted by paragraph 8, Schedule 2 of the Police & Justice Act 2006 and The Police Authorities (Particular Functions and Transitional Provisions) Order 2008 (SI No 82)
Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000, Disability Discrimination Act 2005 and the Equalities Act 2006).
Home Office Recording of Stops - Implementation Guide 2004 and Codes of Practice under Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
Race Relations Act 1976 (Statutory Duties) Order 2001 - SI 3458
S71(1), Race Relations Act 1976 and S2, Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000
S404(b) Greater London Act 1999
S 6ZA, Police Act 1996
|
Draft Police Authority (Community Engagement and Membership) Regulations 2010 requires nominating Councils to appoint people who will promote diversity within the Force and Authority |
Note also guidance about Combined Equalities Schemes, which anticipates a Combined Equalities Bill, expected to be launched in 2009 |
B6
|
Finance
To set the budget determined the level of finance, determine the capital programme of the MPS and approve large property and equipment scanner. All buildings, equipment and other assets are owned by the MPA |
S146A Local Government Act 1972 S86 and 90 Greater London Act 1999 |
|
|
B6.1
B6.2
B6.3
B6.4
B6.5
B6.6
B6.7
B6.8
B6.9
B6.10
B6.11
B6.12
B6.13
B6.14
|
To hold the Police Fund and maintain accounts
The Authority is a major precepting authority.
When making calculations for setting the precept, to consider a report of the Chief Finance Officer on the robustness of the estimates made for the purpose of that calculation and on the adequacy of the proposed financial reserves
To agree the police budget and set the precept
To decide the charges for the provision of special police services
To comply with any direction made by the Secretary of State as to the budget requirement
To pay out of the police fund any damages or costs awarded against the police in respect of torts or in relation to the settlement of a claim
To conduct a review at least once in a year of the effectiveness of its system of internal control and prepare an Annual Governance Statement
To submit an annual financial return to the Secretary of State containing such information as he may require
To review calculations made for the precept from time to time during the year, using the same figures for reserves, and take action to deal with any deterioration
To consult representatives of persons subject to non-domestic rates on proposals for expenditure in the relevant financial year.
To subject the accounts of the Authority to audit by or on behalf of the Audit Commission
To consider an external auditor's report in the public interest under Section 8 within one month of it being sent to the Authority (unless the auditor affords an extension of time) and to decide whether the report requires the Authority to take any action or whether the recommendation is accepted, and what if any action to take in response to the report or recommendation
To submit the Authority's accounts and auditor's reports to public scrutiny and inspection
|
S14, Police Act 1996
S39, Local Government Finance Act 1992 (as amended by the Police Act 1996)
S25, S26 and S27, Local Government Act 2003
S19, Police Act 1996 and S39-S43, Local Government Finance Act 1992
S25, Police Act 1996
S41, Police Act 1996
S88, Police Act 1996
Regulation 4(2) of the Accounts and Audit Regulations 2003, as amended by the Accounts and Audit (Amendment) Regulations 2006 and the Accounts and Audit (Wales) Regulations 2005)
S168, Local Government Act 1972 and Schedule 13, Local Government Finance Act 1992
S28, Local Government Act 2003
S 65 Local Government Finance Act 1999
S 2 and Schedule 2, Audit Commission Act 1998
S 8 - S11A, Audit Commission Act 1998
S 15 and S16, Audit Commission Act 1998
|
Chapters IV and IVA of the Local Government Finance Act 1992 set out the detailed rules about (a) precepting, (b) substituted precepts, (c) the calculation of precepts, the basic amount of tax and amounts payable by billing authorities and (d) the limitation of precepts (“capping”), which are not repeated in detail here
A decision to set the precept must be approved by (a) at least half of the total numbers of members of the Authority at the time of the decision and (b) include more than half the Councillor members (S19 Police Act 1996)
The detailed operation of the Commission's procedures, the publication of reports in the public interest, and of general reports, are set out in detail in the 1998 Act and Accounts and Audit Regulations 2003 as amended. These Regulations include the requirements for a sound system of internal control, the maintenance of proper accounting systems and control systems, internal audit, the preparation and publication of the statement of accounts, and public rights of inspection
|
The Annual Governance Statement has to be supported by the appropriate assurance frameworks and structures within the Authority. CIPFA, APA and ACPO have published relevant guidance in “Delivering Good Governance in Local Government -Interim Guidance for Police Authorities...”
Wider consultation on policing (S 96 Police Act 1996) can usefully include matters relating to budgets and precepting
A report under S8 made in respect of one or more Police Authorities (including the MPA) has to be copied to the Secretary of State (S32 Audit Commission Act 1998)
|
B7
B7.1
B7.2
B7.3
|
Health and Safety
As employers, to discharge the duty for the health and safety of police staff and police authority staff, and ensure that the Chief Officer likewise discharges his/her duties as an employer Act 1997);
To discharge duties with regard to the health and safety of non-employees and ensure the Chief Officer does likewise, and to ensure the premises within the police force estate are safe
The Authority (and its Chief Officer) is potentially liable for death caused by serious failings in the management of the organisation
|
S2, Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and Police (Health and Safety) Act 1997
S 3 and S4, Health and Safety at Work Act 1974,
Corporate Manslaughter and Homicide Act 2007
|
|
|
B8
B8.1
B8.2
B8.3
B8.4
B8.5 |
Human Resources
To appoint and dismiss the Chief Constable, the Deputy Chief Constable and the Assistant Chief Constable (ACPO rank officers), subject to the approval of the Secretary of State
To suspend and, where appropriate, be the disciplinary authority for the Chief Constable, the Deputy Chief Constable, and the Assistant Chief Constables
To be consulted by the Chief Officer about deputising ACPO rank officers to exercise the powers of the Chief Officer in his/her absence
Recruit and appoint assistant commissioners, deputy assistant commissioners, and commanders and agree all their terms, conditions and remuneration. The Home Secretary and Mayor appoint the Commissioner and Deputy Commissioner and remove them from office on the grounds of efficiency or effectiveness.
Legal employer of all civilian staff working for the MPS |
S11, S11A, S12, Police Act 1996; S123, Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001; and Police Regulations
S11 and 12 Police Act 1996
S12A Police Act 1996 - as amended by Schedule 2, paragraph 15, Police and Justice Act 2006
S1 Local Government Act 1999
S15 Police Act 1996 S1-21 Local Government and Housing Act 1989 |
The Secretary of State and authorities will take advice from the Police Senior Appointments Panel on the training and development needs of candidates & other matters |
Amended by the Policing and Crime Act 2009 s 2 which amends the Police Act 1996: s 53C |
B8.4
B8.5
|
To comply with Police Regulations made about conditions of service of police forces
|
S50, Police Act 1996
|
|
|
B9
B9.1
B9.2
B9.3 |
Information
To ensure that both the Authority and the Force comply with the requirements of the Freedom of Information Act 2000
To ensure that both the Authority and the Force comply with the requirements of the Data Protection Act 1998
To ensure that both the Authority and the Force comply with the requirements to share information about crime and disorder
|
Freedom of Information Act 2000
Data Protection Act 1998
S17A and 115, Crime and Disorder Act 1998 (as amended by Schedule 9, Police & Justice Act 2006 and the Crime and Disorder (Prescribed Information) Regulations (SI No 1831)
|
|
|
B10
B10.1
B10.2
B10.3 |
Partnership
Designated as `responsible authority', with duty to work together with other `responsible authorities' in formulating and implementing crime and disorder strategic assessment and partnership plans, and in consulting communities about crime and disorder matters
To exercise its functions with due regard to the likely effect of the exercise of those functions on and the need to do all that it reasonably can to prevent crime, disorder and anti-social behaviour in its area
To disclose information to support the aims of the Crime & Disorder Act i.e. the prevention and detection of crime
|
S5 & S6 Crime & Disorder Act 1998, Schedule 9 Police & Justice Act 2006, The Crime and Disorder (Formulation and Implementation of Strategy) Regulations 2007 (SI No 1830); Crime & Disorder Reduction Partnership's National Minimum Standards (Formulation Implementation of Strategy 2007) No.1830
S17, Crime & Disorder Act 1998 and Schedule 9, Police & Justice Act 2006
S115, Crime & Disorder Act, 1998 |
|
|
B10.3 |
To co-operate with the responsible local authority in determining LAAs, and to have regard to local improvement targets which relate to it in exercising its functions, subject to having been consulted by the responsible local authority about the LAA and having given its consent to the target for which it is responsible
|
S103-S113, Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act, 2007
|
|
|
B11
B11.1
B11.2
B11.3
B11.4
B11.5 |
Planning/Performance Management
To publish a Policing Pan setting out the local policing objectives during that year and the proposed arrangements for policing the area in the coming three years, following consultation with local people and the Chief Officer, and consistent with the Secretary of State's strategic policing priorities
To publish a Value for Money for Statement within the Policing Plan, setting out planned improvements in efficiency and productivity, referring particularly to deployment of officers & staff, reductions in overtime spend, process improvement work, adoption of national frameworks for procurement, measures to achieve national convergence of information technology, measures to reduce back office support functions and reductions in overheads; to specify how the improvements will be made, how much cashable gain they will deliver; and if the Authority is not aiming to undertake any of these requirements, why not.
To monitor the performance of the Force against the Policing Plan
To have regard to the strategic policing priorities determined by the Secretary of State
To formulate and implement strategies for the reduction of crime and disorder, and for combating the misuse of drugs, alcohol and other substances
|
S 6ZB Police Act 1996, inserted by paragraph 9, Schedule 2, Police & Justice Act 2006
Amended by the draft Policing Plan (Amendment) Regulations 2009
S6ZA Police Act 1996 inserted by paragraph 8, Schedule 2 of the Police and Justice Act 2006 and The Police Authorities (Particular Functions and Transitional Provisions) Order 2008 (SI No 82)
S6 ,Police Act 1996 as amended by paragraph 7, Schedule 2, Police & Justice Act 2006
S 6,Crime and Disorder Act 1998
|
|
Amended by the draft Policing Plan (Amendment) Regulations 2009 |
B12
B12.1
B12.2
B12.3
B12.4
B12.5
B12.6
B12.7
|
Reports
To produce annually a local policing summary
To report back to local communities as soon as possible after the end of the financial year on the extent to which the Policing Plan has been met
Require reports on policing matters from the Commissioner, especially those relating to policies and strategies
To comment on any HMIC report on the force and any comments made by the chief constable about the report and to publish those comments
To submit to the Secretary of State reports as may be specified
To receive the Chief Officer's annual report to the Police Authority, submitted as soon as possible after the end of each financial year, and to require the Chief Officer to submit reports to the Authority on matters and in a form specified by the Authority.
To publish and monitor an annual best value performance plan, outlining targets and performance against a programme of fundamental reviews
|
S157, Serious and Organised Crime and Police Act 2005
S9, Police Act 1996
S22, Police Act 1996
S55, Police Act 1996
S43, Police Act 1996
S22, Police Act 1996
S1, Local Government Act 1999 |
|
NB: this requirement is still in force but will soon be replaced by alternative provisions under S6ZC Police Act 1996, introduced through paragraph 9, Schedule 2, Police & Justice Act 2006, enabling the Secretary of State to make regulations about reporting requirements
Will be further amended as a result of the Policing White Paper |
B13
B13.1
B13.2
B13.3
B13.4
B13.5 |
Standards
To adopt an approved Code of Conduct setting out the conduct expected of members of the Authority
To have in place a Standards Committee comprising at least 25% Independent Persons, with a sub-committee to deal with initial assessment of allegations about the conduct of members and another sub-committee to review decisions made by the assessment sub-committee
It is the duty of the Standards Committee to promote high standards of conduct within the authority and monitor the operation of the Authority's Code of Conduct.
A member of a Police Authority is required, within two months of the adoption of a Code, or on accepting office as a member of the Authority, to give a written undertaking to observe the Authority's Code of Conduct for the time being
A Police Authority may remove a Member for failing to attend for more than 3 months without permission of the Authority; is convicted of a criminal offence; is incapacitated or otherwise unfit; or if the Authority is satisfied the Member has not committed sufficient time to take a proactive role or has failed to meet any requirement of the post set out by the Authority at their appointment |
S49-S52, Local Government Act 2000, as amendment by Part 10 of the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
S53-S56, Local Government Act 2000 (as amended by the Local Government Act 2003, Part 10 of the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 and the Standards Committees (England) Regulations 2008
S53-S56, Local Government Act 2000, as amended
S53-S56, Local Government Act 2000, as amended
Police Authority Regulations 2008 para 24 as amended by the draft Police Authority (Community Engagement & Membership) Regulations 2010 |
|
See C11
See C11
|
B14
B14.1
B14.2
B14.3
|
Statutory Officers
To ensure that one police authority officer with prescribed accounting qualifications is designated as Chief Finance Officer (i.e. Treasurer), with responsibility for the administration of financial affairs and compliance with financial obligations
To ensure that one police authority officer is designated as the Monitoring Officer with responsibility for ensuring the authority is compliant with legal requirements
To ensure that a person is appointed as Chief Executive to the police authority
|
S151, Local Government Act 1972 and S112-S114, Local Government Finance Act 1988
S5, Local Government and Housing Act 1989).
S16, Police Act, as amended by paragraph 18, Schedule 2 Police and Justice Act 2006
|
The person appointed as the Monitoring Officer cannot be the same person as the Chief Finance Officer (i.e. Treasurer) above but can be the Chief Executive (S5(1) Local Government and Housing Act 1989 (as amended by Police and Magistrates Courts Act 1994)
|
The effect of S15, Police Act 1996 appears to give the Authority discretion to appoint or designate to the post someone who is not an officer of the Authority
The duties of the Chief Finance Officer including making a report if it appears that the Authority has made or is about to make a decision to take unlawful action likely to cause a loss, or to incur unlawful expenditure
The effect of S15, Police Act 1996 appears to give the Authority discretion to appoint or designate to the post someone who is not an officer of the Authority
The Monitoring Officer is given power under S 82A of the 2000 Act to arrange for particular functions to be performed personally by a person nominated by the Monitoring Officer for the purpose (Section 113 Local Government Act 2003)
The effect of S15 Police Act 1996 appears to give the Authority discretion to appoint or designate to the post someone who is not an officer of the Authority.
A Police Authority (other than the City of London) is not required to appoint a Head of Paid Service. The Local Authorities (Standing Orders) (England) Regulations 2001 do not apply to Police Authorities and hence the statutory protections in the Schedule 3 of the Regulations about disciplinary action do not apply to the Chief Executive of the Authority - nor its Monitoring Officer or Chief Finance Officer.
|
B15
B15.1
B15.2
B15.3 |
Other
To maintain an effective Independent Custody Visitors scheme
Authorities are designated as a `relevant person' for the purposes of agreeing a `police services agreement' for the policing of designated airports
A `relevant partner' under the Children's Act 2004, with a duty to co-operate with local authorities in protecting and safeguarding the welfare of young people and to have regard to the same when carrying out its own duties |
S51, Police Reform Act 2002
S25B, Aviation Security Acts 1982, inserted by Schedule 1 Civil Aviation Act 2006
S10 and S11, Children's Act 2004 |
|
|
SECTION C - POWERS AND DISCRETIONS
No. |
Scope |
Source or Reference |
Relevant Specific Constraints |
Comments |
C1
C1.1
C1.2
C1.3
C1.4 |
Access to Meetings
Public access to meetings and documents of authorities
The Minutes of the proceedings of the Authority are to be open to the inspection of any local government elector for the Authority's area, who may make a copy of or extract from them.
A Local Government Elector may also inspect and take copies of areas for the payment of money and the Authority's accounts
A requirement to keep a document of any description can be satisfied by keeping a photographic copy of that document (in colour if that is relevant to the context of the document)
|
S 99 - 100K, Local Government Act 1972
S228, Local Government Act 1972
S229, Local Government Act 1972
S229, Local Government Act 1972 |
|
|
C2
C2.1
C2.2
C2.3
C2.4
C2.5
|
Acquisition, Use and Disposal of Land
Acquire land by agreement
Acquire land compulsorily
Disposal of land
The Authority can be made subject to a direction of the Secretary of State requiring the establishment of a register of public land and the Secretary of State's power to order a disposal of land on the register
The Authority may not dispose of land forming part of an open space without prior public notice of its intention to do so |
S120 and S146A, Local Government Act 1972
S121 and S146A, Local Government Act 1972
S123, Local Government Act 1972
Local Government Planning and Land Act 1980 - Part X
S123, Local Government Act 1972 |
A Police Authority may not dispose of land, otherwise than by way of a short tenancy, for a consideration less than best that can reasonably be obtained. However, the General District Consent 2003 applies giving a range of circumstances in which such disposal is permitted without the Secretary of State's approval |
The Acquisition of Land Act 1981 applies to compulsory purchase by Police Authorities
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C3
C3.1 |
Allowances to Members
The Authority may pay such allowances to its Chairman, Vice-chairmen and other members as the Authority may determine; and may reimburse expenses as the Secretary of State may determine |
Schedule 2 of the Police Act 1996 as amended by S107, Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 |
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These provisions may include persons who are not members of the Authority but are members of the Authority's Standards Committee |
C4
C4.1
C4.2 |
Authentication of Documents
Any notice, order or other document which the Authority is authorised or required to give, make or issue may be signed on behalf of the Authority by the Proper Officer
A document which purports to bear the signature of the Proper Officer of the Authority is deemed only the signatory is proved to be duly given made or issued by the authority of the Authority
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S234, Local Government Act 1972 and S41 of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976
S234 ,Local Government Act 1972 and S41 of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 |
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C5
C5.1 |
Boundaries
The Authority is subject to the impact of the Electorate Commission in the power of the commission to recommend changes which include consequential changes in police areas
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S13 and S14 Local Government Act 1992 (as amended by the Police and Magistrates Courts Act 1994) |
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C6
C6.1
C6.2
C6.3
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Charging and Trading
The Chief Constable may provide, at the request of a person, special police services at any premises or in any locality in the Authority's area, and the Authority determines the charges/scales to be paid
The Authority may charge for the provision of goods and services to any person
As a best value authority, the Authority may charge for the provision of a service if there is no other legal power enabling it to do so, and it is not prohibited from doing so
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S25, Police Act 1996
S1(3), Local Authorities (Goods and Services) Act 1970 as amended by S18, Police Act 1996
S93 Local Government Act 2003
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Taking one financial year with another, income from charges under Section 93 must not exceed the cost of provision
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With the wide scope of S1 of the Local Authorities (Goods and Services) Act1970 it seems unlikely that S93 of the 2003 Act would be needed
Notwithstanding this, ensuring that taking one financial year with another, income from charges does not overly exceed the cost of provision remains a matter of significance for external auditors - as does the need to ensure that the money of the council tax-payers in the Authority's area is not put at risk, particularly for any trading outside the Authority's area.
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C7
C7.1
C7.2 |
Companies
The Authority may hold interests in Companies and the provisions of Part V of the Local Government and Housing Act 1989 (as amended) are applicable
The Authority cannot trade in function-related activities through a Company
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Part V Local Government and Housing Act 1989 (as amended)
S95 Local Government Act 2003 |
Participation in Companies is subject to a complex regime of controls (including in some circumstances the requirement to subject business plans for external audit) - not set out here.
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C8
C8.1
C8.2
C8.3
C8.4
C8.5
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Contracts
The Authority may enter into Contracts for the purposes of its statutory functions
The Authority must make Standing Orders with respect to the making by them or on their behalf of contracts for the supply of goods and materials and for the execution of works.
A person entering into a Contract with the Authority is not bound to enquire whether the Contract Standing Orders have been complied with and non-compliance does not invalidate the Contract
The Authority must exercise its functions in relation to its proposed or subsisting public supply or works contracts without reference to any of the specified non-commercial considerations. This includes that only specified questions about Race Relations matters may be asked; and the obligation to give reasons for any decisions on contract matters
The Authority may utilise the procedures for the creation of certified contracts, the effect of which is that the contract has effect and is deemed always to have had effect, as if the Authority had power to enter into it
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S111 and S146A, Local Government Act 1972; S1, Local Authorities (Contracts) Act 1997
S135, Local Government Act 1972
S135, Local Government Act 1972
Part 2, Local Government Act 1988 (detailed rules not set out here)
S2 - S9, Local Government (Contracts) Act 1997
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In practice most Authorities would include the provision of services in such Contract Standing Orders
Police Authorities are subject to the provisions of the Public Contracts Regulations 2006 (Article 3 of the Regulations) compliance with which is mandatory. Whilst there is DOE guidance about Contract Standing Orders in Circular DOE 15/83, in practice they are invariably subject to the requirements of EU Directives |
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C9
C9.1 |
Delegations to Committees Etc
The Authority may arrange for the discharge of any of its functions by a Committee or Sub-Committee of the Authority and if authorised to do so by the Authority, a Committee may sub-delegate to a Sub-Committee. These powers can also be applied to a Joint Committee. |
S101 and S107, Local Government Act 1972 |
The Authority's functions with respect to issuing a precept or borrowing money can only be exercised by the Authority itself
The Police Authority may not arrange for the discharge of its functions by another Police Authority. A Police Authority may not therefore act as “lead Authority” on behalf of others (S107, Local Government Act 1972)
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The general expectation is that an Authority will have in place a Delegation Scheme setting out the delegations to Committees and Sub-Committees etc and (as below) have a Scheme for delegation to the Chief Constable and officers of the Authority |
C10
C10.1
C10.2
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Delegation to Police Officers, Members and Staff
The Authority may arrange for the Chief Constable, or the Deputy, to discharge functions of the Authority, or may in turn arrange for the discharge of those functions by a person under his direction and control.
The Authority may arrange to discharge any of its functions by a member or an officer of the Authority. If authorised, that officer may sub-delegate some or all of those functions to a person under his control.
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S107, Local Government Act 1972 (as amended by S43 and S93, Police and Magistrates Courts Act 1994)
S101, S107 and S115, Local Government Act 1972, and S3, Police and Justice Act 2006 |
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An officer to whom powers or functions are delegated remains at all times accountable for the exercise of the powers and functions delegated to him.
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C11
C11.1
C11.2
C11.3
C11.4 |
Discharge of Functions
The Authority may establish Committees, Sub-Committees of the Authority and Joint Committees with other Authorities
A Committee appointed by a Police Authority may include members who are not members of the Authority (or Authorities, in the case of Joint Committees)
Members and officers are protected from personal liability in the bona fide exercise of their powers and responsibilities of the Authority.
The Authority may provide indemnities for members and officers
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S101, S102 and S107 Local Government Act 1972, as amended by S3, Police and Justice Act 2006
S3(4) Police and Justice Act 2006
S39 Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976, extending 265 of the Public Health Act 1875
S101, and 49(6), Local Government Act 2000 and the Local Authorities (Indemnities for Members and Officers) Order 2004 (SI No 3082)
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The Authority may make Standing Orders as respects any Committee or Joint Committee
The Authority must appoint a Standards Committee; and if it does not take the role itself, it must appoint a Committee or Sub Committee responsible for its audit function
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C12
C12.1 |
Emergency Financial Assistance
The Authority is subject to the Bellwin Scheme under which the Secretary of State may give financial assistance under an approved scheme if an emergency or disaster has occurred and action has had to be taken by the Authority to safeguard life or property and to prevent suffering or severe inconvenience
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S155, Local Government and Housing Act 1989 as amended by the Police Act 1996 |
Expenditure on emergencies incurred by the Metropolitan Police Authority is treated as expenditure incurred by the Greater London Authority |
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C13
C13.1 |
Finance
Police Authorities may receive grants from the Secretary of State at his discretion and on such conditions as he may specify
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S31, Local Government Act 2003 |
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C14
C14.1
C14.2 |
Gifts of Property
The Authority may accept, hold and administer gifts of property made for the purpose of discharging the functions of the Authority
The Authority may accept gifts of money or gifts and loans of other property, including commercial sponsorship of an activity of the Authority or Force on such terms as appear to it to be appropriate
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S139, Local Government Act 1972
S93 Police Act 1996 |
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C15
C15.1
C15.2 |
Goods and Services for Third Parties
A Police Authority may provide or be provided with, goods and services by other bodies
A Police Authority can make any surplus computer capacity available to other persons
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S18, Police Act 1996 applies Section 1(1) - (3) Local Authorities (Goods and Services) Act 1970, but the reference in those sub-sections to “a public body” is to be read as references to “any person”
S38, Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 |
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See also C6(Charging)
This appears to give Police Authorities wider powers than those available to local authorities, who can only provide goods or services for a public body as defined in the 1970 Act and the numerous regulations made under it |
C16
C16.1
C16.2 |
Insurances
The Authority may enter into a contract of accident insurance against risks of accidents to members
The Authority may also arrange accident risk insurance for voluntary assistants |
S140 and S146A Local Government Act 1972
S140A, S140C and S146A Local Government Act 1972 |
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The term “voluntary assistant” has a sub-meaning and can include someone acting at the request of a member of the Police Force - but it does not include special constables
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C17
C17.1 |
Legal Proceedings
The Authority may bring or defend appropriate legal proceedings and may authorise or approve that a member or an officer shall do so on the Authority's behalf |
S111 and 223 Local Government Act 1972 |
Appearance under S223 may be through an officer who is not a Solicitor if the Authority so authorises.
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Interestingly S222 of the Local Government Act 1972, which is the general legal power available to Local Authorities is not applied to Police Authorities, but a combination of Section 111 and common law will fulfil the same purpose
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C18
C18.1
C18.2
C18.3 |
Notices
Notices served on the Police Authority are deemed properly served if addressed to the principal address of the Authority
A Public Notice required to be given by the Authority is to be given by posting the notice in some “conspicuous place” within the area of the Authority and in such other manner as may be desirable for giving publicity to it
Any formal notice required to be served on behalf of the Police Authority is subject to detailed rules |
S231, Local Government Act 1972
S 232, Local Government Act 1972
S223, Local Government Act 1972 and S7, Interpretation Act 1978 (detail not set out here)
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C19
C19.1
C19.2 |
Ombudsman
The Authority is within the jurisdiction of the Local Government Ombudsman
Where the Authority considers that action taken by it or on its behalf in the exercise of its functions amounts to or may amount to maladministration and that a person has been affected by that action, the Authority may, if it thinks appropriate, make a payment to or provide some other benefit for that person
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S25(1)(ca), Local Government Act 1972 as amended by Local Government Act 1985 and Police Act 1996 (Schedule 7)
S92 Local Government Act 2000
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C20
C20.1 |
Power to forego repayment of advances of remuneration paid to deceased employees
This power is extended to members of the Authority's Police Force
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S30 Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 |
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C21
C21.1 |
Power to Obtain Particulars of persons interested in land
The Authority may serve notice requiring persons to provide it with information about interests in land if that requirement is made with a view to performing a function of the Authority
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S16 ,Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 |
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C22
C22.1 |
Proper Officer
The proper officer of a Police Authority is an officer appointed for that purpose by the Authority |
S 270(3), Local Government Act 1972 |
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The Authority may designate more than one Proper Officer for different specified purposes
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C23
C23.1 |
Publicity
The Authority may give publicity to its functions but is subject to the obligation not to publish material which in whole or in part appears to be designed to affect public support for a political party |
Part II, Local Government Act 1986 - especially S2 and S4 (detailed rules and Code not set out here) |
The Authority must have regard to guidance of recommended practice issued from time to time by the Secretary of State.
DOE Circular 20/88 is applied to Police Authorities but alterations to the Code set out in Appendix 1 of DETR Circular 06/2001 are not.
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The requirement to maintain separate accounts of expenditure on publicity is modified in respect of certain duties and functions in certain circumstances specified in Exemption Orders made under the 1986 Act |
C24
C24.1
C24.2
C24.3
C24.4
C24.5
C24.6 |
Staff
Employ staff to assist the Force or otherwise to enable the Authority to discharge its functions
Members of the Authority cannot be appointed as officers, nor can they be within 12 months of ceasing to be a member
The Authority is subject to statutory restrictions in respect of certain senior officers and staff who are precluded from political activity (“political restriction”)
Indemnities for staff - see C11.4 above
The Authority may, on the recommendation of the Chief Constable, pay from the Police Fund rewards for exceptional diligence or specially meritorious conduct.
Staff of the Authority including those under the direction and control of the Chief Constable are eligible for admission to the Local Government Pension Scheme. In that event the Authority is required to meet contribution to the fund as a Participating Employer
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S15, Police Act 1996
S16, Local Government Act 1972
S1,S2 and S3, Local Government and Housing Act 1989 and various Regulations thereunder not detailed here
S31, Police Act 1996
Local Government Pension Scheme Regulations 1997 (as amended) |
The Authority must exercise its powers to secure that a person employed by the Authority under S15 solely to assist the police force is under the direction and control of the Chief Constable. This includes the powers of engagement and dismissal
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25
C25.1 |
Subscriptions to other Bodies
The Authority may pay a reasonable subscription to associations formed for the purpose of consultation about, and the discussion of, matters relating to the common interests of those authorities; and to an association of officers or members of authorities formed for those purposes
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S143 and S146A, Local Government Act 1972 |
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C26
C26.1 |
Subsidiary Powers
Power to do anything (whether or not involving expenditure, borrowing or lending of money or the acquisition or disposal of any property or rights) which is calculated to facilitate or is conducive or incidental to the discharge of any of the Authority's functions
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S111 and S146A Local Government Act 1972 |
The power is subject to the provisions of any other enactment (whenever made), and does not give power to raise or borrow money except in accordance with the related enactments
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SECTION D - PROCEDURES
No. |
Scope |
Source or Reference |
Relevant Specific Constraints |
Comments |
D
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5 |
Procedures
Meetings and proceedings of Police Authorities are subject to the provisions of Part VI of Schedule 12, and Schedule 12A (as amended) of the Local Government Act 1972
The Authority may make Standing Orders for the regulation of its proceedings and business and may vary or revoke any such orders
The Authority may apply its procedural standing orders to its committees and sub-committees
Unless the contrary is proved, the signed minutes of a meeting of the Authority or committee or sub-committee are deemed to be evidence that the Authority, committee or sub-committee was duly constituted; that it had the power to deal with the matters referred to in the minute; that the meeting in question was duly convened and held; and that the quorum for that meeting was met.
The Authority must include in its Standing Orders required provisions about the recording of named votes on request by a member; and about the signing of minutes of extraordinary meetings of the Authority.
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Schedules 12 and 12A, Local Government Act 1972 (as amended)
Paragraph 42, Schedule 12 of the Local Government Act 1972
Paragraph 44, Schedule 12 of the Local Government Act 1972
Paragraphs 39 - 46, Schedule 12 of the Local Government Act 1972
Schedule 2 of the Local Authorities (Standing Orders) Regulations 1993 as applied by the Police Authorities (Standing Orders) Regulations 1997 |
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D6 |
Contract Standing Orders
See C8 above
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S135, Local Government Act 1972 |
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D7 |
Financial Regulations
The Authority is expected to have in place arrangements for the proper structure and management of their financial affairs, commonly known as Financial Regulations
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S151, Local Government Act 1972 |
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