lookup_curr

Legend order	Code	Group	Current and Past Types	Period	Description
00P	63	enclosures and farming	ancient field system	prehistoric - roman	Earthworks and cropmarks of complexes of fields which appear to form a coherent system, used only as a previous type.
01C	7	enclosures and farming	assarted enclosure	pre 18th C	Fields created by the enclosure and clearance of woodland or common heath, mostly medieval in origin.
02C	3	enclosures and farming	pre18thC irregular fields	pre 18th C	Irregularly-shaped, small to medium sized fields with boundaries composed mainly of hedges. They are representative of the later medieval/early post-medieval, and possibly earlier, methods of farming in the district.
03C	15	enclosures and farming	pre18thC sinuous fields	pre 18th C	A sinuous form of early enclosures, usually bounded by hedges, which are similar in origin to HLC type Pre 18th century Irregular Fields.
04C	53	enclosures and farming	pre18thC regular fields	pre 18th C	Regularly-shaped, small to medium sized fields with boundaries composed mainly of hedges. Like Pre 18th century Sinuous Fields and Irregular Fields they are medieval or early post-medieval in date but have a greater degree of regularity in their forms, likely to be because they are the result of phases of planned, but undocumented, enclosure.
05C	81	enclosures and farming	enclosed meadows	pre 18th C	Sinuous fields found on low-lying ground in valley bottoms, usually next to the course of a river or stream. These fields were probably originally used for hay cultivation but are mainly now used for grazing.
06C	1	enclosures and farming	parliamentary enclosures	18th - 19th C	Fields created by formal enclosure by Act of Parliament (in West Berkshire between 1738 and 1858). The fields created by this process are usually regular in shape with straight boundaries and the boundaries are usually hedged and/or fenced.
07C	4	enclosures and farming	post-parliamentary enclosures	19th C	Fields created in the later 19th century, usually through private enclosure of parkland, woods, commons, downland and some remaining areas of open-field arable.
08C	69	enclosures and farming	19thC replanned fields	19th C	Fields created through the wholesale re-organisation of existing agricultural units during the 19th century.
09C	5	enclosures and farming	amalgamated fields	mid 20th C - present	Modern fields formed through the consolidation of existing, historic, enclosures into larger holdings, usually to enable more efficient, mechanised arable agriculture. These enclosures are created by the removal of boundaries between fields and are also often known as prairie fields
10C	6	enclosures and farming	reorganised fields	mid 20th C - present	Modern fields formed through the consolidation of existing, historic, enclosures into more regular holdings, usually to enable more efficient, mechanised arable agriculture. These are different to Amalgamated Fields as they are formed not simply through boundary removal.
11C	44	enclosures and farming	new field	mid 20th C - present	Fields (usually arable) created in the later 20th century through enclosure of land not previously part of the farmed landscape. These fields are usually regular in shape and have straight boundaries.
12C	37	other	restored land	mid 20th C - present	Areas in-filled and re-instated following gravel extraction. Most areas have been restored as fields; however some have been restored to grassland or have been planted with trees.
13C	11	enclosures and farming	paddocks	20th C - present	Small fields for keeping of horses and ponies, usually created by the sub-division of existing fields.
13C	9	enclosures and farming	studs & stables	20th C - present	Complexes of buildings for the rearing, training and housing of horses
14C	12	enclosures and farming	gallops	19th C - present	Grassed runs for training horses on. These are characterised by long, often sinuous, strips of grass which are sometimes demarked by white rails.
15C	47	enclosures and farming	market gardens	20th C - present	Nurseries and market gardens for horticultural production.
16C	10	enclosures and farming	industrial farming concern	20th C - present	Sheds and infrastructure associated with poultry farms, fish farms and piggeries.
16P	57	settlement	medieval settlement	medieval	Archaeological remains of medieval settlement, recorded in the HLC dataset where they have an influence on the layout of subsequent land-use. This type is usually represented by manorial earthworks (e.g. moats) or the earthwork remains of deserted or shrunken villages.
17C	39	settlement	historic settlement	pre 18th C	All pre-18th century settlement, identified using Rocque’s map of Berkshire (1761). This type is mainly made up of extant medieval settlements and includes those of possible earlier origin.
18C	41	settlement	18 - 19thC settlement	18th - 19th C	Settlement dating to the 18th and 19th Centuries. Although not as numerous as Historic Settlements, these also display a wide variety of forms; some are simply expansion of existing settlements whilst others are new foundations relating to changes in agriculture and communications.
19C	42	settlement	interwar settlement	early - mid 20th	Early planned suburbs on the fringes of Newbury, characterised by rows of terraces.
20C	43	settlement	recent settlement growth	mid 20th C - present	Late 20th century settlement, most examples of this type being housing of some sort.
21C	36	settlement	cemetery	19th C - present	Municipal cemeteries not on previous church sites, mainly later 19th century onwards.
22C	77	settlement	allotment gardens	19th C - present	Areas of land divided into small plots and rented for growing vegetables, some also support animal rearing (e.g. chickens). Some date from the 19th century and have their roots in “Poor Allotments” created by some Parliamentary Enclosure Acts.
23C	24	woodland	ancient woodland	prehistoric - present	The oldest surviving wooded areas in the district, characterised by species-rich broadleaf woodland. They have been identified through comparison of English Nature’s Ancient Woodlands Inventory and historic mapping sources.	Also ancient semi-natural woodland
24C	23	woodland	replanted ancient woodland	19th C - present	Defined by English Nature as ancient woodland sites where the original native tree cover has been felled and replaced by planting. Plantation is usually of conifers and carried out with more mechanised forestry practices; it has taken place from the late 19th century onwards.
25C	22	woodland	old secondary woodland	prehistoric - present	Woodlands in existence by the 19th Century that are not recorded as ancient. It is thought that most are on land that has, at some point, been used for other purposes. Many of these woodlands date back to the earliest mapping sources and are historic landscape features in their own right.
25C	25	woodland	recent secondary woodland	20th C - present	Non-ancient woodlands that have developed through woodland regeneration and colonisation since the start of the 20^th century
26C	21	woodland	plantation woodland	19th C - present	Blocks of trees, usually of a single species, planted mostly for forestry. Plantations are usually regular in shape and the larger examples have features such as fire-breaks and access tracks.
27C	70	woodland	orchards	prehistoric - present	Plantations of fruit trees for commercial fruit growing.
28C	80	woodland	tree nursery	mid 20th C - present	Areas for the growth of young trees for sale or transplantation elsewhere.
29C	65	open land	downland	prehistoric - present	Open areas of close-cropped chalk grassland, used as grazing for animals, mostly sheep. Formerly much more extensive and used as part of the common grazing regime that operated in many Downs parishes in the medieval period.
29P	66	open land	open field	medieval	Large, usually unhedged, arable fields divided into strips and worked communally. The origin of the open field farming system is contested; however it seems to be broadly medieval in date and to have developed either in the late Saxon or early post-conquest period.
30C	61	open land	meadow	prehistoric - present	A type of common land, riverside meadow originally used for both grazing and for the growth of hay for livestock feed.
31C	14	open land	commons & greens	medieval	Open areas established in/by the medieval period and used for grazing, as a fuel source and for the location of certain industries. The majority were extensive irregularly-shaped tracts of heath unsuited to agricultural production. There are also some examples of smaller village greens; these are very varied in form.
32C	13	open land	rough grazing	prehistoric - present	Areas of unclear land-use where some kind of grassed cover (usually very rough) is present but the area is not formally designated as a common of any kind and there appears to be no other over-arching land-use.
33C	72	civic	hospital	19th C - present	Institutions for the care of the sick, and their grounds, that are distinct at a landscape scale.
34C	26	civic	schools & colleges	19th C - present	Educational institutions, and their grounds, that are distinct at a landscape scale.
35C	27	civic	utilities	19th C - present	Utilities installations that are distinct at a landscape scale, mainly sewage works and other water treatment facilities.
35P	73	civic	workhouse/asylum	19th C	Victorian institutions for the housing of the poor or the mentally ill.
36C	38	civic	landfill	mid 20th C - present	Areas of refuse dumping and landfill.
37C	31	communication	major roads	20th C - present	One of the only linear features recorded, these are the motorway and major dual-carriageway trunk roads of the district.
38C	33	communication	airfield	20th C - present	Civil airfields, mostly private landing strips.
39C	32	communication	railway	19th C - present	Railways and associated features large enough to occur at a landscape scale.
40C	74	communication	ridgeway	prehistoric - present	Used for wide sections of The Ridgeway National Trail.
41C	48	communication	canal & rail corridor	18th - 19th C	Areas of the Kennet Valley where the railway and canal run adjacent and parallel to each other creating a wide transport corridor.
42C	19	industrial	mineral extraction	19th C - present	Areas of gravel extraction; their distribution is associated with the presence of workable gravel deposits.
43C	18	industrial	industrial area	19th C - present	All industrial sites dating from the 19th century onwards.
44C	79	industrial	retail complexes	mid 20th C - present	Out-of-town shopping areas, ranging from large to smaller scale operations.
45C	59	industrial	business parks	20th C - present	Areas devoted entirely to office complexes and constructed solely for this purpose.
46C	34	military	military establishment	20th C - present	20th century Military bases, includes airfields and other installations such as AWE Aldermaston and associated off-site infrastructure (bunkers and storage).
46P	49	open land	heath	prehistoric - present	Scrubby land outside agricultural usage, frequently used as common grazing. Identified where depicted/labelled as such on historic mapping.
47C	20	parkland	designed landscape	18th - 19th C	Formal and informal parklands around country houses.
47P	60	parkland	deer park	medieval	A preserve for the keeping and hunting of deer, usually demarked by a external earthen bank and ditch, or park pale, to prevent deer escaping and deter poaching.
48C	29	recreation	golf course	19th C - present	Formal areas for playing golf; area mapped will include clubhouses and associated infrastructure and any new tree planting and water features created as part of the course.
49C	28	recreation	parks & sports facilities	20th C - present	Areas for recreational usage; encompasses both sports fields and leisure centres and public parks.
50C	30	recreation	racecourse	19th C - present	Racecourses and associated infrastructure.
51C	78	recreation	other leisure facilities	mid 20th C - present	A diverse type containing all other leisure facilities (such as marinas, shooting schools, animal parks and fishing sites) not covered by the other recreation types.
52C	35	enclosures and farming	water meadows	18th - 19th C	These utilised sophisticated water management systems (leats, sluices, ridges) to flood meadows during winter months to prevent ground freezing and so ensure an early growth of spring grass for grazing animals (mostly sheep and lambs).
53C	16	water and water management	reservoir	19th C - present	Any man-made water bodies (not flooded gravel as they were made as pits not water bodies); also includes covered reservoirs.
54C	17	water and water management	watercress bed	19th C - present	Shallow artificial tanks or beds used solely for the growth of watercress.
55C	45	open land	marsh	prehistoric - present	Wet, boggy areas unsuited for use as pasture or fields, identified where depicted/labelled as such on historic mapping.
56C	67	water and water management	flooded gravel pits	mid 20th C - present	Man-made water areas created from flooding gravel workings. These are often now in use as recreational areas, mainly as lakes for fishing clubs.
57C	58	other	managed cultural asset	20th C - present	Archaeological and historic sites whose main function is as a visitor attraction and/or where there is no other over-arching modern land-use.
58C	71	other	religious community	20th C - present	Religious foundations, such as Douai Abbey.
59C	68	other	wasteland	mid 20th C - present	Areas of derelict or waste ground with no obvious current land-use.
60P	50	archaeology	ritual/funerary site	prehistoric	Prehistoric and Roman ritual and/or funerary sites. Ritual/funerary Sites are found only as a previous type and are recorded where they cover at least one hectare and have an impact on the form of the Current HLC type.
61P	52	archaeology	fortified site	prehistoric	Defensive enclosures bounded by one or more substantial banks, ramparts and ditches. Fortified Sites are found only as a previous type and are recorded where they cover at least one hectare and have an impact on the form of the Current HLC type.
62P	54	archaeology	linear earthworks	prehistoric - early medieval	Linear earthworks, such as the Wansdyke, that have an impact at landscape scale. None mapped in West Berkshire; all mapped examples come from the AONB HLC dataset.
	56	archaeology	livestock enclosure	medieval	Rectilinear earthwork enclosures, interpreted as medieval sheepfolds, located within former downland areas; there are only two within the dataset.
63P	64	archaeology	lynchets	medieval	Earthwork banks formed by ploughing on a slope, probably medieval in date. Lynchets visible on scarp slopes are thought to indicate an expansion of cultivation onto less suitable land in the medieval period. Found only as a previous type and are recorded where they cover at least one hectare and have an impact on the form of the Current HLC type.
64P	51	archaeology	monastery	medieval	Used for all medieval religious houses. Monasteries are found only as a previous type and are recorded where they cover at least one hectare and have an impact on the form of the Current HLC type.
65P	55	military	castle	medieval	Used for all medieval castles. Castles are found only as a previous type and are recorded where they cover at least one hectare and have an impact on the form of the Current HLC type.
66P	76	other	mixed land-use	n/a	Used as a previous type for areas of recent land-use (such as reorganised fields or recent settlement growth) where the prior land-use was comprised of several, differing, HLC Types.
71?	8	water and water management	natural water area	prehistoric - present	Natural water bodies that are extensive enough (longer than 200m and consistently wider than 50 -100m) to be mapped; only a handful exist in the dataset.
	82	water and water management	spring	prehistoric - present	Area of depressed ground from which a spring issues; only mapped when the area exceeds one hectare.
70C	777	n/a	further study required	n/a

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