CYNGOR CEFN GWLAD CYMRU
COUNTRYSIDE COUNCIL FOR WALES SITE OF SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC INTEREST CITATION
NEATH PORT TALBOT
HAFOD WENNOL GRASSLANDS
Date of Notification:
1993
National Grid Reference:
SN 678093
O.S. Maps:
1:50,000 Sheet number: 159
1:25,000 Sheet number: SN 60
Site Area:
18 ha
Description:
Hafod Wennol Grasslands consist of an extensive series of hay meadows, pastures and rough
grazings situated approximately 6 km south-east of Ammanford. The site lies at an altitude of
210 - 260 metres on Mynydd-y-Betws and is drained by the Nant Melyn, a headwater
tributary of the Lower Clydach River. Most of the land slopes gently to the south and
supports brown podzols and gleyed soils derived from boulder clay overlying sandstone of
the Upper Pennant Measures.
These meadows and pastures have long been managed using traditional farming methods and
form the third largest example of lowland neutral grassland in in the former county of West
Glamorgan and the old Llanelli Borough. Unimproved grassland of this type and quality
supporting such a wide range of uncommon plant species is increasingly scarce in Wales.
A wide range of grassland and mire communities occur within the site including dry hay
meadow, rush pastures and flushes, purple moor grass mire, with smaller areas of fen-
meadow and swamp. These habitat mosaics are enhanced by the presence of hedgerows and
scattered scrub with peripheral areas of broadleaved woodland.
Approximately half the site (9.8 ha) consists of dry neutral and lightly flushed grassland
characterised by crested dog's-tail
Cynosurus cristatus and common knapweed
Centaurea
nigra, with common bent
Agrostis canillaris and sweet vernal-grass
Anthoxanthum
odoratum, plus a wide range of herbaceous associates including meadow vetchling
Lathyrus
pratensis, oxeye daisy
Leucanthemum vulgare, rough hawkbit
Leontodon hispidus, yellow-
rattle
Rhinanthus minor and common spotted-orchid
Dactylorhiza fuchsii.
Notable plant species recorded in this community include broad-leaved marsh-orchid
Dactylorhiza majalis, greater butterfly-orchid
Platanthera chlorantha, adder's-tongue
Ophioglossum vulgatum, pale sedge
Carex pallescens, great burnet
Sanquisorba officinalis,
petty whin
Genista anglica and whorled caraway
Carum verticillatum.
The remainder of the site is dominated largely by mire communities of purple moor grass
Molinia caerulea, frequently with cross-leaved heath
Erica tetralix characteristic of damper
poorly drained areas. Several small stands of fen meadow occur in these rough grazings,
creating interesting vegetation transitions dependent upon drainage patterns. Additional
notable species recorded here include meadow thistle
Cirsium dissectum.
The marsh fritillary butterfly
Eurodryas aurinia has also been recorded from this site.