CYNGOR CEFN GWLAD CYMRU
COUNTRYSIDE COUNCIL FOR WALES SITE OF SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC INTEREST CITATION
NEATH PORT TALBOT/POWYS
GORS LLWYN, ONLLWYN
Date of Notification:
1979, 1980, 1982
National Grid Reference:
SN 854108
O.S. Maps:
1:50,000 Sheet Number: 160
1:25,000 Sheet Number: SN 81
Site Area:
39.9 ha
Description:
This site contains a range of peat-depositing vegetation communities which has developed on
a col between the Pyrddin and Dulais valleys. These peatlands are surrounded by an area of
acidic grassland. Peat deposition has been sufficiently great in part of the Neath Port Talbot
portion of the site to form a dome shaped mass of peat above the general water table of the
site. Such a feature is known as a raised mire. There are very few other examples of this
formation known in mid and south Wales. Unfortunately, regular burning and grazing of the
site has grossly modified its surface vegetation.
Much of this mire drains north into an area dominated by common reed
Phragmites australis.
The spectacular development of clumps of greater tussock-sedge
Carex paniculata, in many
cases over one metre high, amongst the common reed, affords drier sites for the establishment
of willow species
Salix spp., and willow carr now covers most of the area bordering the main
east-flowing drainage stream. A range of woodland species including royal fern
Osmunda
regalis occurs beneath the tree canopy.
Peat has not completely infilled the area. In some parts, the vegetation has grown as floating
lawns over water. The more nutrient-rich sites support an extremely diverse flora with up to
28 species recorded in an area of 4 square metres.
North-east of the complex of mires an area of acidic pasture is included in the site. Drier
ridges divide up a series of wet flushes which support a range of wetland species not
encountered elsewhere in the site, e.g. whorled caraway
Carum verticillatum, meadow thistle
Cirsium dissectum and sharp-flowered rush
Juncus acutiflorus. These plants form a clearly
defined community of extremely limited distribution in Europe, occurring only along the
southern Atlantic seaboard.
At the north-west corner of the site, several hay meadows are included on account of their
diverse flora. Species now of limited occurrence in mid Wales due to the ploughing and
reseeding of grasslands, such as globe flower
Trollius europaeus and meadow fescue
Festuca
pratensis, are recorded here.